cPanel team has released v120.0.12 in which they upgraded 3rd party PHP binary to PHP 8.3 and it does not include ionCube loaders.
Softaculous requires ionCube loaders and due to the above mentioned release Softaculous does not work on cPanel v120.0.12
cPanel team has opened a bug report here :
https://support.cpanel.net/hc/en-us/articles/24660301532439-cPanel-internal-PHP-fails-to-load-Ioncube-on-cPanel-version-120
Once they release a fix Softaculous should work automatically without any action required.
Workaround
You can use the following commands as a workaround to load ionCube until cPanel team releases as fix :
mkdir /root/ioncube13
cd /root/ioncube13/
wget -O ioncube_loaders_13_lin_x86-64.zip https://downloads.ioncube.com/loader_downloads/ioncube_loaders_lin_x86-64.zip
unzip ioncube_loaders_13_lin_x86-64.zip
vi /usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/php/83/etc/php.ini
Search for the following line :
zend_extension ="/usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/php/unversioned/ioncube/ioncube_loader_lin_8.3.so"
Comment that line by adding a ; (semi-colon) at the start of that line and then add the following line under that line :
zend_extension = /root/ioncube13/ioncube/ioncube_loader_lin_8.3.so
Save the php.ini file
That’s it! Softaculous should work now.
Once cPanel releases a patch with ioncube loaded it should overwrite the php.ini file we just edited and then the 3rd party PHP binary will load the ionCube loaders provided by cPanel.